chapter 1 -(2)
Much as the war came to the United States initially and most dramatically at Perl Harbor, the outlines of an increasingly multicultural United States emerging from World War II could be seen first and most clearly in Hawaii.
Much as = although, increasingly: 점점 더, 갈수록
The nearly one million soldiers, sailors, and marines stopping in Hawaii on their way to the battlefront, as well as the more than one hundred thousand men and women who left the mainland to find war work on the islands, expected the Hollywood image of a simple Pacific paradise: blue sky, green tea, and white sand; palm trees and tropical sunsets; exotic women with flowers in their hair.
war work: 전시 노동, 군역
Few realized that Honolulu, a tiny fishing village when Captain James Cook sailed by the difficult entrance to its harbor in 1778, had subsequently become the major maritime center of kingdom, the seat of a territorial government , and a gritty port city that would serve as the major staging ground for the war to be waged in the Pacific. And few knew that this American outpost, as a result of successive waves of immigration beginning in the 1870s by Chines, Portuguee, Japanese, and Filipinos, had a population in 1940 in which native Hawaiians and white American(called haoles, which in Hawaiian means "strangers" each constituted only 15 percent of the islands' inhabitants.
fishing village: 어촌, subsequently: 그 이후에,
the major maritime center: 주요 해야 중심지
staging ground: 주요 활동 무대, outpost: 전초지, gritty(voca에서)
Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor immediately raised fears of sabotage or espionage by Hawaiians of Japanese descent. Rumors flew of arrow-shaped signs cut in the sugarcane fields to direct Japanese planes to military targets and of Nisei women waving kimonos to signal Japanese pilots.
sugarcane: 사탕 수수, Rumors fly of ~ : ~에 대한 소문이 떠돌다.
But in stark contrast to the wholesale incarceration of the Japanese in the Pacific coast states, where the dangers of subversive activities were slight in comparison to Hawaii, official military and administrative policy in the islands was to maintain traditional interracial harmony throughout the war, and to treat all law-abiding inhabitants of Japanese ancestry justly and humanely.
incarceration: 투옥
"We must distinguish between loyalty and disloyalty among our people." There was no mass internment of the Nisei and Issei(those who emigrated from Japan) as there was on the mainland.
internment: (죽은 사람의) 매장.
war-bond:
A type of savings bond used by nations to help fund war efforts.
Their newly expanded contact with other Hawaiians, including haoles, hastened their assimilation into the larger Hawaiian society.
The war experience aroused expectations of equal opportunity and treatment, of full participation in island politics, of no longer accepting a subordinate status to haoles.
Their view that whites would always hold superior positions in society - as bosses , plantation owners, business leaders, and politicians-was turn topsy-turvy.